The Indian Constitution holds immense significance, especially on Republic Day, as it marks the day India formally adopted its Constitution, transforming the nation into a sovereign republic.
Drafted with the vision of justice, equality, and democracy, the Constitution serves as the cornerstone of India’s governance, protecting the rights and freedoms of its citizens. Republic Day celebrates not only the country’s independence but also the enduring principles that guide its democratic fabric.
As India continues to evolve, the Constitution remains a living document that adapts to the changing needs of society, upholding the values of unity, secularism, and inclusive progress for all citizens.
Aradhya Sethia, a Ph.D. candidate and Cambridge International Scholar at the University of Cambridge, emphasised the global significance of Republic Day, stating, “Republic Day marks the adoption of India’s Constitution and the beginning of its journey as an independent democracy. This moment is not only pivotal for India but for the world, as it represents the birth of a republic where over a billion people have the power to shape their future. India’s constitutional democracy is one of the most courageous and remarkable experiments in modern history.”
He further added, “As the Indian Constitution celebrates 75 years, its enduring success is a beacon of democracy. India’s transformation from colonial rule to a thriving democracy, overcoming challenges of illiteracy and poverty, is an inspiring story for the world. The courage and determination it took to democratise such a diverse and complex nation deserves global recognition and celebration.”
Aradhya underscored the importance of the Indian Constitution in shaping modern India, stating, “While the Constitution enshrines values like democracy, human rights, and the abolition of outdated titles, it’s not just a document on paper. It provides the legal framework for government, citizens' rights, and the country's legal structure. However, as Dr B.R. Ambedkar warned, even the best Constitution can fail if not upheld by good people and political parties.”
He added, “The success of the Constitution lies in its flexibility, allowing future amendments, and in the commitment of the Indian people and politicians to uphold it. While Indian politics is often criticised, the fact remains that the Constitution has been largely respected, a rare achievement in history. Its success is due to both its design and the will of the people to protect it.”
Aradhya offered advice to the younger generation, noting, “The younger generation in both India and the UK share strong ties, not just through history, but also in various fields today. A key connection is in the legal and constitutional frameworks. While India's Constitution borrows elements from the UK, like the parliamentary system and electoral processes, it has adapted them to fit India’s unique context. Young people with ties to both countries should understand how these systems operate differently in each society. India offers a compelling example of how the UK's constitutional framework was adapted in a completely new setting. While the structures may be similar, the outcomes and experiences are shaped by cultural and societal differences.”
He continued, “This is a fascinating case for anyone interested in how laws and constitutions interact with societies. For those in the UK keen on India's politics and Constitution, it shows how two countries can share a framework but diverge significantly in practice. Many focus on India’s Independence Day, but they overlook the importance of Republic Day. Independence Day marks the end of colonial rule, but Republic Day is about India’s decision to chart its own course. That critical moment, three years after independence, truly shaped modern India.”
