Migraine is a neurological condition characterised by recurring episodes of intense headaches, frequently accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, and sound. These headaches can persist for hours to days and often significantly impair daily functioning and overall quality of life.
The underlying cause of migraines is thought to involve abnormal brain activity, which leads to fluctuations in blood flow and neurotransmitter levels.
Here are some ways to manage a migraine attack:
Immediate medical treatments: For mild to moderate migraines, over-the-counter pain relievers are typically the initial treatment option. Prescription triptans are more effective when taken promptly at the onset of a migraine attack.
Additionally, anti-nausea medications can be beneficial.
Rest: Resting in a dark, quiet environment can help alleviate migraine pain and sensitivity to light and sound. Additionally, applying an ice pack to the forehead or neck can provide a numbing effect.
Relaxation techniques: Techniques like deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and meditation can help manage stress and reduce migraine pain.
Identify and avoid triggers: Common triggers for migraines include stress, insufficient sleep, specific foods and beverages, hormonal fluctuations, and strong odours. Maintaining a headache diary can assist in identifying these triggers.
Regular exercise: Engaging in regular physical activity can mitigate stress and enhance overall health, potentially aiding in migraine prevention.
